引号

¥Quotes

Bash 支持多种引用参数的方式：单引号、双引号和使用 C 样式引号的 bash 特定方法 $'...'。Zx 更喜欢后一种方法。

¥Bash supports various ways to quote arguments: single quotes, double quotes, and a bash-specific method using C-style quotes $'...'. Zx prefers the latter approach.

const name = 'foo & bar'
await $`mkdir ${name}`

Zx 自动转义并引用 ${...} 内的任何内容，因此不需要额外的引号。

¥Zx automatically escapes and quotes anything within ${...}, so there's no need for additional quotes.

以下示例产生相同的正确结果：

¥The following examples produce the same, correct result:

await $`mkdir ${'path/to-dir/' + name}`

await $`mkdir path/to-dir/${name}`

参数数组

¥Array of arguments

Zx 还可以接受 ${...} 内的参数数组。每个数组项将单独引用，然后用空格连接。

¥Zx can also accept an array of arguments within ${...}. Each array item will be quoted separately and then joined by a space.

const flags = [
  '--oneline',
  '--decorate',
  '--color',
]
await $`git log ${flags}`

通配符模式

¥Glob patterns

因为 Zx 转义了 ${...} 内的所有内容，所以不能直接使用 glob 语法。相反，Zx 提供了 glob 功能。

¥Because Zx escapes everything inside ${...}, you can't use glob syntax directly. Instead, Zx provides a glob function.

以下示例将不起作用：

¥The following example won't work:

const files = './**/*.md'// Incorrect
await $`ls ${files}`

正确的做法：

¥The correct approach:

const files = await glob('./**/*.md')
await $`ls ${files}`

主目录 ~

¥Home dir ~

如果主目录符号 ~ 在 ${...} 内，Zx 不会扩展它。为此目的使用 os.homedir()。

¥Zx won't expand the home directory symbol ~ if it's within ${...}. Use os.homedir() for that purpose.

const dir = `~/Downloads`// Incorrect
await $`ls ${dir}`

await $`ls ${os.homedir()}/Downloads` // Correct

await $`ls ~/Downloads` // Correct, ~ is outside of ${...}

组装命令

¥Assembling commands

如果你尝试在 Zx 中动态组合命令，你可能会遇到限制。例如，以下方法将不起作用：

¥If you're trying to dynamically assemble commands in Zx, you might run into limitations. For instance, the following approach won't work:

const cmd = 'rm'
if (force) cmd += ' -f'
if (recursive) cmd += ' -r'
cmd += ' ' + file

await $`${cmd}`// Incorrect

Zx 将对整个字符串进行转义，使命令无效。相反，组装一个参数数组并将其传递给 Zx，如下所示：

¥Zx will escape the entire string, making the command invalid. Instead, assemble an array of arguments and pass it to Zx like this:

const args = []
if (force) args.push('-f')
if (recursive) args.push('-r')
args.push(file)

await $`rm ${args}`